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# Association Karukinka: Exploration, knowledge and cultures at the southermost part of the world

## Sitemaps
[XML Sitemap](https://karukinka.eu/sitemap_index.xml): Includes all crawlable and indexable pages.

## Posts
- [Candelariella magellanica and Sclerococcum nothofagi: two new species discovered on Navarino Island](https://karukinka.eu/en/candelariella-magellanica-sclerococcum-nothofagi-2/): The yellow powder that Puerto Williams residents have always seen on the trunks of lenga beech (Nothofagus pumilio) had never received a scientific name: Candelariella magellanica. In January–February 2005, and again in January 2008, an international team of lichenologists conducted the first intensive floristic survey of the lichen flora of Navarino Island in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve. The result: 416 taxa recorded — and two species proposed as new to science.
- [Chile recognises the Selk’nam as a living indigenous people](https://karukinka.eu/en/chile-recognises-the-selknam/): In 2023, Chile officially incorporated the Selk'nam people into Indigenous Law 19.253, nearly a century after the waves of mass violence that swept across Tierra del Fuego. Behind this legal reform lies a long process of memory work, advocacy, and cultural self-affirmation led by Selk'nam families themselves.
- [Cercophana frauenfeldii Felder, 1862 (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae): Taxonomy, Ecology and Presence in the Far South of Chile](https://karukinka.eu/en/cercophana-frauenfeldii-felder-south-chile/): Once is not always the norm aboard the sailing vessel Milagro — and following Callisphyris leptopus Philippi: in mid-April 2026, with Ben, Milena, Gabriel, Damien and Lauriane, as we were leaving one of the arms of Bahía Tres Brazos, a bay located to the north-west of Gordon Island, we received a new visitor that would give us quite a headache: an adult male Cercophana frauenfeldii.
- [Peatlands of Tierra del Fuego: peat mosses and liverworts, the silent architects of the austral bogs](https://karukinka.eu/en/peatlands-of-tierra-del-fuego/)
- [Callisphyris leptopus Philippi, a visitor during the southern storms](https://karukinka.eu/en/callisphyris-leptopus-philippi-2/): In this context, the encounter takes on real scientific significance. Callisphyris leptopus Philippi, 1859 belongs to the Cerambycidae, the "longhorn beetles," a family of beetles of which many species spend a large part of their development inside wood. The case of this species is particularly interesting because, despite its spectacular appearance, easily accessible documentation remains fragmentary, scattered among taxonomic records, forestry publications, and isolated sightings.
- [Coicopihue or Copihue? Philesia magellanica vs Lapageria rosea: learning to tell them apart in the Chilean forest](https://karukinka.eu/en/coicopihue-copihue-philesia-magellanica-lapageria/): The copihue (Lapageria rosea) and the coicopihue (Philesia magellanica) are two closely related species, both belonging to the Philesiaceae family and native to the temperate and subantarctic forests of Chile.
- [The Ley de Glaciares in Argentina (Glacier Law): context, reform, and resistance](https://karukinka.eu/en/ley-de-glaciares-argentina-glacier-law/): Law 26.639, also know as Ley de Glaciares and enacted in 2010, established in Argentina the Minimum Budgets Regime for the Preservation of Glaciers and the Periglacial Environment, legally cementing the idea that glaciers are strategic freshwater reserves and public goods. Starting in 2025–2026, the national government pushed forward a project for a comprehensive modification of this norm (File 0161-PE-2025), which obtained half-sanction in the Senate and approval from the Chamber of Deputies, generating strong political and social conflict.
- [Karukinka at the UNESCO Inclusive Toponymy Colloquium in Montpellier](https://karukinka.eu/en/unesco-inclusive-toponymy-colloquium/): On June 18, 2026, the association Karukinka will be present at the International Colloquium “Pour une approche interdisciplinaire de la toponymie / Inclusive Toponymy: Towards an Interdisciplinary Approach”, organized by the UNESCO Chair in Inclusive Toponymy at the University of Geneva, together with the University of Montpellier Paul‑Valéry and the University of Rouen‑Normandy.
- [The Southern Cross, celestial companion of our sails in the southern hemisphere](https://karukinka.eu/en/southern-cross-southern-hemisphere/): The Southern Cross (Crux, Cruz del Sur or Croix du Sud) is one of the most famous, emblematic and culturally rich constellations in the starry sky of the southern hemisphere. Although it is the smallest of the 88 modern constellations, its history, its stellar composition, and its crucial role for southern navigation make it a fascinating subject of study.
- [Cape Horn au Long Cours (CHLC): The fascinating historical work of a team of volunteers](https://karukinka.eu/en/cape-horn-au-long-cours/): The association Cape Horn au Long Cours and the website Cap‑Horniers Français now represent one of the most valuable independent resources for understanding the epic of large French merchant sailing ships and the seafarers who crossed Cape Horn. Through meticulous, volunteer‑driven research, the site documents vessels, voyages and crews, restoring a voice to these long‑distance sailors whose memory might otherwise have remained confined to archives and a few museum cases.
- [The Rayadito – Aphrastura spinicauda: an emblematic passerine of Patagonian forests and Cape Horn](https://karukinka.eu/en/rayadito-aphrastura-spinicauda-cape-horn/): The genus Aphrastura (family Furnariidae) groups together small insectivorous passerines endemic to the southwestern part of South America. It historically comprises two species: the thorn‑tailed rayadito (Aphrastura spinicauda, synallaxis rayadito or espinoso rayadito), widely distributed in the temperate forests of Chile and southern Argentina, and the Masafuera rayadito (Aphrastura masafuerae), microendemic to Alejandro Selkirk Island in the Juan Fernández Archipelago.
- [Lichens and bryophytes of the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve](https://karukinka.eu/en/lichens-bryophytes-cape-horn-biosphere-reserve/): In southern Patagonia, within the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve, lichens and bryophytes turn trunks, rocks, and peat bogs into true “miniature forests” that can only be discovered by leaning in with a hand lens.
- [Preparing for Kreeh Chinen Festival](https://karukinka.eu/en/preparing-for-kreeh-chinen-festival/): The crew of Milagro will be present, as a partner, at the 5th edition of the Kreeh Chinen Festival!
- [A Yagan story: the hummingbird (Omora or Sámakéar)](https://karukinka.eu/en/yagan-story-the-hummingbird-omora-or-samakear/): Today we share with you a Yagan story dedicated to the hummingbird, told by Úrsula Calderón and Cristina Calderón in 2001 in Mejillones Bay (Navarino Island, Chile). It was published on pages 170 and 171 of the book Guia Multi-Etnica de Aves de los bosques subantárticos de Sudamérica (2017) and translated from Spanish to English by the Karukinka association.
- [The Sailing yacht Milagro now adorned with coigüe wood](https://karukinka.eu/en/the-sailing-yacht-milagro-now-adorned-with-coigue-wood/): On Monday, October 27, the Milagro resonated with the sound of coigüe wood and tools. With José, crew member and godparent of the boat, we dedicated the day to a traditional woodworking session to craft two new work surfaces from coigüe wood. These new fittings, now installed at the stern of the sailing vessel, will be used to clean fish and lift nets outside, in perfect harmony with the sea and the wind. On board, the scent of freshly cut wood mingled with that of changing tides. The finishing touches were done with an axe, a vibrating saw, and finally a grinder.
- [The dialogue between a Machi and ecologists opens new routes to integrate Mapuche knowledge in nature conservation](https://karukinka.eu/en/mapuche-knowledge-in-nature-conservation/): The study proposes a collaboration model between ancestral Mapuche knowledge and ecological science, demonstrating that nature conservation requires listening to, respecting, and working alongside indigenous communities.
- [Conicet studies the Beagle Channel and paves the way for industrial mussel production](https://karukinka.eu/en/conicet-studies-the-beagle-channel-and-paves-the-way-for-industrial-mussel-production/): The study is led by Irene Schloss, a specialist in biological oceanography, with a team from the Southern Scientific Research Center (Cadic). The researchers are studying environmental conditions in areas near Puerto Almanza, where mussels already grow naturally, and evaluating other areas with production potential. This species is native to the Beagle Channel and has great potential for regional aquaculture.
- [The Beagle Channel (Onashaga): meeting place of oceans at the southernmost tip of the Americas](https://karukinka.eu/en/beagle-channel-onashaga-southernmost-tip-of-americas/): The Beagle Channel, known to the Yaghan people as Onashaga (“channel of the Ona hunters,” i.e., their Selk'nam neighbors from Tierra del Fuego), is one of the planet’s outstanding maritime passages. This interoceanic strait, approximately 270 kilometers long, connects the Atlantic and Pacific oceans at the very southern tip of South America, separating the main island of Tierra del Fuego from an archipelago of smaller islands between 54°50′ and 55°00′ south latitude.
- [[Sailing Patagonian channels] Sébastien’s Logbook part 1](https://karukinka.eu/en/sailing-patagonian-channels-2025-sebastien-logbook-part-1/): A tough wake-up this morning; the night was short and the previous day was busy, as always before an 18-day sailing expedition in the Cap Horn biosphere reserve, the southern Chilean fjords : provisioning, supply runs… a host of things that, of course, can only be done last minute in Ushuaia!
- [Darwin Cordillera: Terra incognita of the southern Andes](https://karukinka.eu/en/darwin-cordillera-terra-incognita-southern-andes/): The Darwin Cordillera represents one of the last wild frontiers of our planet, a mountain range of striking beauty yet formidable hostility, located at the far southwestern tip of Chilean Tierra del Fuego.
- [Strait of Magellan : Legendary passage between the oceans](https://karukinka.eu/en/strait-of-magellan-legendary-passage/): On 21 October 1520, five ships that had left Seville a year earlier entered an unknown channel. Thirty‑eight days later, they reached an ocean Europeans had never sailed before : the Strait of Magellan. Magellan named the passage Estrecho de Todos los Santos. Only after his death in the Philippines did Charles V give it the name it bears today.
- [Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve: an exceptional subantarctic sanctuary](https://karukinka.eu/en/cape-horn-nature-reserve-subantarctic-sanctuary/): The Cabo de Hornos Biosphere Reserve (Cape Horn Nature Reserve), established in 2005, is one of the southernmost and largest protected areas in the world, covering more than 4,884,000 hectares of southern lands and waters. It contains unique terrestrial and marine ecosystems, pristine subantarctic forests, remarkable biodiversity—including over 5% of the world’s bryophyte diversity—and the populations of the Yaghan people, who maintain a millennia-old connection with these extreme landscapes.
- [Where is Cape Horn? Location and the Characteristics of a Mythic Geographic Landmark](https://karukinka.eu/en/cape-horn-location-characteristics/): Cape Horn is situated on Horn Island (Isla Hornos), the southernmost island of the Hermite archipelago, itself part of the vast island complex of Tierra del Fuego. This modestly sized island (approximately 6 km by 2 km) is administratively part of the commune of Cabo de Hornos, in the Antarctic Province, within the Magallanes and Chilean Antarctic Region.
- [Signs of hope as elephant seals rebound from avian flu in remote Chilean fjord (Mongabay, 04/06/2025)](https://karukinka.eu/en/southern-elephant-seals-avian-flu-chilean-fjord/): An outbreak of avian flu in 2023 hammered a colony of southern elephant seals in Chile’s Tierra del Fuego region, leading to a 50% decline in its population.
- [The Pacification of Araucania or Mapuche genocide ? (01/06/2025, conociendo.cl)](https://karukinka.eu/en/pacification-of-araucania-or-mapuche-genocide/): Chile's history contains a chapter written with euphemisms and blood: the misnamed "Pacification of Araucania." This article delves into the details of this process (1861-1883), deconstructing the official narrative to reveal a complex operation of military conquest, legal dispossession, and forced colonization that redefined the destiny of the Chilean state and the Mapuche people, leaving a legacy of conflict that persists to this day.
- [What role does the new 20-meter sailboat play in enabling Karukinka’s activities?](https://karukinka.eu/en/patagonia-sailing-vessel-polar-expedition/): The new vessel, Milagro, serves as a cornerstone for Karukinka’s operations. More than a means of transportation, this 20-meter steel ketch is a fully equipped, autonomous floating base that allows Karukinka to carry out ambitious scientific, artistic, and cultural expeditions in Patagonia, Cape Horn, and even Antarctica #patagonia sailing
- [The 6th International Muralists Meeting at the End of the World has ended (InfoFueguina, 25/03/2025).](https://karukinka.eu/en/international-muralists-meeting-in-ushuaia-emush-2025/): The Secretariat of Culture and Education of the Municipality of Ushuaia organized the closing ceremony of the 6th International Muralists Meeting at the End of the World "EMUSH 2025," held in the Niní Marshall Hall of the House of Culture.
- [Decision to integrate the autochthonous people into the provincial consultative board of the native forests (Radio Universidad, le 26/8/2024)](https://karukinka.eu/en/decision-to-integrate-the-autochthonous-people-into-the-provincial-consultative-board-of-the-native-forests-radio-universidad-le-26-8-2024/): The president of the Commission 3 of the Provincial Parliament, Legislator Laura Colazo, conducted a meeting with the indigenous people communities. This is an initiative from the Green deputy to include them in the decision making within the Consultative Commission of the Indigenous Forests (CCIF). « We have the opportunity to acknowledge and make the autochthonous people of our Province visible who have lived and still live on these lands and offer a historical rectification, she declared. She also mentioned the necessity to expand the energetic matrix of the province to support a sustainable production process.
- [Ireland-Scotland, Transatlantic, Patagonia… The 2024-2025 sailing programme is online!](https://karukinka.eu/en/ireland-scotland-transatlantic-patagonia-the-2024-2025-sailing-program-is-online/): Hello everyone,
- [“Trip to the end of the world” from la Rochelle!](https://karukinka.eu/en/trip-to-the-end-of-the-world-from-la-rochelle/): If you plan to go stop at La Rochelle this summer, don’t miss this trip to the end of the world! This sound and immersive fiction was created by Sébastien Laurier in collaboration with the Phare du bout du monde (Lighthouse of the end of the world) association and the town of La Rochelle: for one hour, you are transported into the far south of Patagonia, from the post-office of the tip of the Minimes harbour.
- [[#8 – Ireland–Scotland 2024] from Loch Buie to the sacred Isle of Iona](https://karukinka.eu/en/8-ireland-scotland-2024-from-loch-buie-to-the-sacred-isle-of-iona/): Early in the morning, we raise anchor at the still and at a few cable lengths from Castle Moy on Loch Buie (Isle of Mull). In this loch facing south-west, last night was moderately pleasant, due to a small swell from the south that came before the wind forecast in the same direction, forcing the Milagro to keep an annoying stand through this swell (and cradle us of course, but we would have gladly done without it!).
- [Root people: « Between 5 to 6 % of mankind is preserving 80 % of the planet’s biodiversity » (We Planet, 06/06/2024)](https://karukinka.eu/en/root-people-between-5-to-6-of-mankind-is-preserving-80-of-the-planets-biodiversity-we-planet-06-06-2024/): On the occasion of the Green Shift Festival, held from 5th to 7th June in Monaco, Jorge Quilaqueo, a Mapuche Chaman, exchanged with Sabah Rahmani, an anthropologist journalist, and Hélène Collongues, anthropologist specialising in the Jivaro people.
- [[#7 – Ireland – Scotland 2024] From Loch Melfort to isle of Mull, via the Firth of Lorn](https://karukinka.eu/en/7-cap-au-nord-2024-de-loch-melfort-a-lile-mull-via-le-firth-of-lorn-2/): It is after a superb stopover made up of encounters as beautiful as the surrounding landscapes that we leave Loch Melfort to head towards the south of Mull Island. To do this, several options exist and we choose that of Cuan Sound, a (fairly) narrow channel separating Seil Island from its southern neighbors, Luing and Torsa. The conditions being too calm to advance solely under sail and arrive in time for the right moment of tide, it is with engine support that we enter the channel. The “eddies” (eddies) indicated on the map are there, accompanied by fairly anarchic current veins as they pass through the north of An Cléiteadh. The crew of the small Cuan ferry, connecting Seil and Luing, greets us and, past some ruins at the exit of the channel where sheep and cattle graze, we enter the inland Firth of Lorn (“Ann Linne Latharnach” in Gaelic), hoist the sails and let’s turn off the engine to cross this bay downwind and under full sail, under a big cloudless blue sky.
- [[#6 – Ireland – Scotland 2024] Stopover at Loch Melfort](https://karukinka.eu/en/6-cap-au-nord-2024-escale-a-loch-melfort-2/): It was at the end of the day that we arrived quietly under sail at the eastern end of Loch Melfort, dropping anchor in a very sticky muddy bottom (for the chain and the bridge too, by the way…). As soon as we arrive, Damien receives a call from one of his friends and former student, Christian, on his way from Leeds to join us on board for the evening! Passionate about Scotland, he is an inexhaustible source of ideas for places to visit, each more remote, interesting and wild than the last. The paper maps and those on the tablet were gradually found to be filled with small additional points and annotations. Added to this is a small list of books to consult… Enough to satisfy our desire to explore and learn for weeks or even months…!
- [[#5 Northbound – 2024] From Jura to Loch Melfort via Corryvreckan](https://karukinka.eu/en/5-northbound-2024-from-jura-to-loch-melfort-via-corryvreckan/): Nice and safe in a loch on the west coast of Jura, we wait for the bad weather to go away and take advantage of the stopover to go for a walk, read and rest.
- [[#4 Ireland – Scotland 2024] Scotland : Islay and Jura](https://karukinka.eu/en/4-ireland-scotland-2024-scotland-islay-and-jura/): After disembarking near the Bruidladdich pier, we left to visit the village of Port Charlotte by taking the coastal path and thus enjoying the colors of the sunset on Loch Indaal, the view of the lighthouse overlooking the Rubh’ An Duin (a little Gaelic: Rubha: promontory; Dun: fort, mound) and Kilchoman Parish Church.
- [[#3 Ireland – Scotland 2024] From Bangor (Belfast Lough) to Port Charlotte](https://karukinka.eu/en/3-ireland-scotland-2024-from-bangor-belfast-lough-to-port-charlotte/): After letting a serious gust of wind pass, we are heading towards Scotland. The forecast is good: NE wind 3 to 5, occasionally 6, with fine to slightly rough seas and good visibility despite rare rain.
- [[#2 Ireland – Scotland 2024] From Dublin to Bangor (Belfast Lough)](https://karukinka.eu/en/2-ireland-scotland-2024-from-dublin-to-bangor-belfast-lough/): After a brief stopover in Dún Laoghaire, the official stamp on the passport of the animal Toupie (which gives him the right to travel to the United Kingdom) and the passage of a gale, Milagro and his crew set off again. towards the north, in scattered areas. rain and wind W to SW 4 to 6 Beaufort. Under 2-reef mainsail, 1-reef mizzen and Yankee, Milagro sails at 6.5 knots, leaving the Baily lighthouse in her wake.
- [Chile: A unique discovery of more than a hundred seaspecies was made (Sciences & Vie, 26/02/2024)](https://karukinka.eu/en/chile-a-unique-discovery-of-more-than-a-hundred-seaspecies-was-made-sciences-vie-26-02-2024/): A deep-sea expedition off the Chilean coasts has recently brought exceptional discoveries that shake what we already know about marine biodiversity.Scientist of the Schmidt Ocean Institute (SOI) have charted vast areas of the ocean and documented more than a hundred new species along with the discovery of four hitherto unknown submarine mountains. These results open up new horizons regarding sea life and stress how important it is to protect these invaluable ecosystems.
- [In the depths of the Antarctic, microphones are used to understand sea life (Le Progrès – AFP, 02/18/2024)](https://karukinka.eu/en/in-the-depths-of-the-antarctic-microphones-are-used-to-understand-sea-life-le-progres-afp-02-18-2024/): This biologist from the New York Cornell University immerses hydrophones 500 meters deep. They are wrapped with titanium and will register these depths’ soundwaves during one whole year.
- [Light art piece to recognize and repair the Selk’nam people (Obra lumínica por el reconocimiento y la reparación del pueblo selknam, El Mostrador, 2/2/2024)](https://karukinka.eu/en/light-art-piece-to-recognize-and-repair-the-selknam-people-obra-luminica-por-el-reconocimiento-y-la-reparacion-del-pueblo-selknam-el-mostrador-2-2-2024/): Through travelling light projection, Corporation Traitraico and Delight Lab artists help highlight the depossession history of the Selk’nam people and the fight for their recognition and repair.
- [Chile adds the Selk’nam people to the list of Indigenous Peoples recognized by the State (source: Chile Deputee Chamber website, September 4, 2023)](https://karukinka.eu/en/chile-adds-the-selknam-people-to-the-list-of-indigenous-peoples-recognized-by-the-state-source-chile-deputee-chamber-website-september-4-2023/): https://www.camara.cl/cms/noticias/2023/09/04/pueblo-selknam-es-incluido-entre-las-etnias-indigenas-reconocidas-por-el-estado
- [The Yaghan people’s approach to preserving their cultural heritage](https://karukinka.eu/en/yaghan-peoples-preserving-cultural-heritage/): The Yaghan people, an ancestral community of the Patagonian channels, developed a revolutionary protocol in 2017 to protect their cultural heritage. This initiative, led by the Indigenous Yaghan Community of Bahía Mejillones (Navarino Island, Cabo de Hornos, Chile) in collaboration with the National Sub-Directorate of Indigenous Peoples of Chile's National Cultural Heritage Service, represents a model of respect for indigenous rights and cultural preservation.
- [Icebreaking polar class research vessels: New Antarctic fleet capabilities (Cambridge University Press, 29/11/2021)](https://karukinka.eu/en/icebreaking-polar-class-research-vessels-new-antarctic-fleet-capabilities-cambridge-university-press-29-11-2021/): Abstract :
- [Waves, winds, animals… In Patagonia, Lauriane Lemasson collects the sounds of a forgotten world (Géo Aventure, by Sébastien Desurmont, March 6, 2020)](https://karukinka.eu/en/patagonia-expedition-lauriane-lemasson/): Ethno-acoustician Lauriane Lemasson is passionate about the relationships that peoples weave with their sonic environment. Her profession drives her, microphone in hand, to brave the harsh expanses of Patagonia. Her goal: to better understand the settlement dynamics and cultural sources of inspiration of the Indigenous peoples who once inhabited these remote regions before being decimated.
- [The mysterious archaeological discovery in Tolhuin: the municipality has not explained what was found (InfoTDF, 19/2/2024)](https://karukinka.eu/en/decouverte-archeologique-terre-de-feu-tolhuin/): On the road leading to Cerro Michi, a team of archaeologists from GIATMA (affiliated with CADIC-CONICET) made a significant discovery: during fieldwork, the archaeologists found materials and a new archaeological site, which they then began to study.
- [Pueblos Originarios fueguinos estarán presentes en Francia, en un nuevo evento internacional sobre Cultura de los Pueblos Originarios (Gobierno de Tierra del Fuego, 4 de octubre de 2019)](https://karukinka.eu/en/pueblos-originarios-fueguinos-estaran-presentes-en-francia-en-un-nuevo-evento-internacional-sobre-cultura-de-los-pueblos-originarios-gobierno-de-tierra-del-fuego-4-de-octubre-de-2019-2/): Representantes de las comunidades de pueblos originarios de Tierra del Fuego viajan a Francia a exponer sobre sus culturas ancestrales, en el marco del mes de la ciencia y la cultura que se desarrolla en ese país. El 2019 fue declarado por la ONU el Año internacional de las Lenguas Indígenas, con el fin de difundir su importante aporte a la cultura de los pueblos.
- [Researchers capture audio of Antarctic ice ‘singing’ – video (The Guardian)](https://karukinka.eu/en/researchers-capture-audio-of-antarctic-ice-singing-video-the-guardian/): A haunting sound captured by researchers could help monitor changes to Antarctica’s Ross Ice Shelf from afar. Extremely sensitive sensors were buried two metres under the surface to capture ‘seismic motions’. Winds blowing across the icy surface create vibrations, producing a ‘near-constant set of seismic tones’, according to the study in Geophysical Research Letters. The frequency is too low to be heard by human ears and, according to the American Geophysical Union, it was only made audible by speeding up the recording about 1,200 times
- [Are You Listening? Hear What Uninterrupted Silence Sounds Like (OPB  Samir S. Patel)](https://karukinka.eu/en/are-you-listening-hear-what-uninterrupted-silence-sounds-like-opb-samir-s-patel/): Summertime is for road trips. Atlas Obscura and All Things Considered are traveling up the West Coast, from California to Washington, in search of “hidden wonders” — unique but overlooked people and places.
- [Touching tribute from Magallanes University to Cristina Calderon, the representative of the Yagan people](https://karukinka.eu/en/touching-tribute-from-magallanes-university-to-cristina-calderon-the-representative-of-the-yagan-people/): As part of its birthday's activities, the Magallanes University organized a grateful tribute to the last yagan speaker, Cristina Calderón. Photograph of Luisa Villablanca

## Categories
- [Antarctica](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/poles-en/antarctica-en/)
- [Artistic news](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/artistic-news/)
- [Brittany - Patagonia (Tierra del Fuego)](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/karukinka-expeditions/brittany-patagonia-tierra-del-fuego/)
- [Colonization of Patagonia](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/patagonia-en/colonization-of-patagonia/)
- [Environment](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/environment/)
- [Expedition 2013](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/expedition-2013-en/)
- [Expeditions](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/expeditions-en/)
- [Expeditions 2018-2020](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/karukinka-expeditions/expeditions-2018-2020-en/)
- [General news](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/general-news/)
- [Haush](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/indigenous-peoples/haush-en/)
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- [Karukinka Expeditions](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/karukinka-expeditions/)
- [Karukinka in France](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/karukinka-in-france/)
- [Kawesqar](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/indigenous-peoples/kawesqar-en/)
- [Kreeh Chinen](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/artistic-news/kreeh-chinen-en/)
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- [Non classé](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/non-classe-en/)
- [North Cape to Cape Horn](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/karukinka-expeditions/north-cape-to-cape-horn/)
- [Ocean and sailing news](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/ocean-and-sailing-news/)
- [Partnerships](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/partnerships/)
- [Patagonia](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/patagonia-en/)
- [Patagonia : a source of artistic inspiration in Europe](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/artistic-news/patagonia-a-source-of-artistic-inspiration-in-europe/)
- [Patagonia and Geopolitics](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/patagonia-and-geopolitics/)
- [Patagonian channels 2025-2030](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/karukinka-expeditions/patagonian-channels-2025-2030/)
- [Polar expeditions](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/polar-expeditions/)
- [Polar Research](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/polar-research/)
- [Poles](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/poles-en/)
- [Political news](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/patagonia-en/political-news/)
- [Recherches scientifiques Patagonie](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/patagonia-en/recherches-scientifiques-patagonie___en/)
- [Sailing trips 2024](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/karukinka-expeditions/sailing-trips-2024/)
- [Scientific news](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/scientific-news/)
- [Selk'nam / Ona](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/indigenous-peoples/selknam-ona-en/)
- [Sonic ecology / acoustics / soundscapes](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/sonic-ecology-acoustics-soundscapes/)
- [Sports news](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/sports-news/)
- [Subpolar Research](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/poles-en/subpolar-research/)
- [Tehuelche](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/indigenous-peoples/tehuelche-en/)
- [Wildlife and Flora of Patagonia](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/patagonia-en/wildlife-and-flora-of-patagonia/)
- [Yagan/Yamana](https://karukinka.eu/en/category/indigenous-peoples/yagan-yamana/)

## Tags